If you have an outrageous amount of debt, it could affect you chances of getting hired by some departments. It also depends on the reasons for your debt. For example, debt due to college loans, etc. is quite common. Obviously, debt due to gambling, etc. could pose a problem. If your credit is not bad, and you have been paying your bills on time for a while you shouldn't be too concerned. Many people have a lot of debt. Having bad credit and a large amount of debt is definitely not a good combination, and would affect your chances with many departments.